Top-down strategies rely on students knowing something about the topic and either knowing how particular exchanges in certain social situations work (i.e. Often the starting point is to discuss the topic and then to use a ‘gist’ or ‘extensive’ task to listen for the overall meaning. Top-down strategies focus on the ‘big’ picture and general meaning of a listening text. In many books on listening they are seen as two separate strategies that can be used by students to process and understand listening texts, but what exactly do they mean? What do the terms mean? The terms top down and bottom up refer to ways in which someone might process a listening text. This article, in a way, carries on from the one on Process listening. Source: JackF, Getty Images/iStockphoto Introduction
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